On March 16, 1988, the city of Halabja was subjected to the most heinous crime against humanity, which is the bombing of the city with chemical weapons. Over 5,000 innocent people were martyred as a result of this crime, including women, the elderly, and children and more than 10,000 were …

A brief about his life The poet Younis Mulla Raouf was born on February 20, 1918, in the city of Koye of Erbil governorate, the capital of the Kurdistan Region. He studied primary and middle school in the schools of Koya and Rania, then moved to Kirkuk to study secondary …

Karim Khan Citadel, also known as Arg-e Karim Khan,  was built in 1697 following the order and under command of Karim Khan Zand, the famous ruler of the Zand Dynasty. The citadel is a prominent legacy of the Zand Dynasty in Shiraz, especially from the architectural point of view. It …

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this document is to nroduce in brief the history of the current National Flag of Kurdistan and to help those who use the Kurdish national flag to reproduce it correctly. The document contains the basic rules for the construction of the flag as well as the …

KURDISH TRIBES. Kurdish tribes are found throughout Persia, eastern Anatolia and northern Iraq, but very few comprehensive lists of them have been published. The one most often cited is that of François Bernard Charmoy, which was based on the Šaraf-nāma by the 16th-century Kurdish historian Šaraf-al-Din Bedlisi (q.v.; I, pp. …

Ramzi Nafi or Ramzi Nafi Rashid Agha(Kurdish: رەمزی نافیع ئاغا; Latinized: Ramzî Nafî Reşîd Aghâ) (1917-1949) was a Kurdish National Socialist. As one of the most controversial figures in recent Kurdish history, his involvement in the failed Operation Mammut has earned him high reputation in Kurdistan. YouthEdit He attended primary …

Kurdistan was the first Kurdish newspaper. It was first published on April 22, 1898 in Cairo, Egypt by Mikdad Midhad Bedir Khan, a member of the Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti. In four years, 31 issues were printed in cities as Cairo, Geneva, London and Folkestone. It was an opposition newspaper published …

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The Sharafnama (Kurdish: شەرەفنامە Şerefname, “The Book of Honor”, Persian: Sharafname, شرفنامه) is the famous book of Sharaf al-Din Bitlisi(a medieval Kurdish historian and poet) (1543–1599), which he wrote in 1597, in Persian. Sharafnama is regarded as an important and oldest source on Kurdish history. It deals with the different Kurdish dynasties …

Haji Qadir Koyi (Kurdish: حاجی قادری کۆیی, romanized: Hacî Qadirî Koyî; c. 1817-1897) was a Kurdish poet. He carried on the nationalistic message of Ahmad Khani in his writings. He wanted to enlighten the people and help them to remedy the problems of illiteracy and backwardness and ideas which result from lack …